backend/src/main/java/com/mailserver/config/MailAdmins.java

@@ -40,7 +40,12 @@ public class MailAdmins {
         return admins.contains(key) || granted.contains(key);
     }
 
-    /** Given / taken by Jambotron (users.is_admin) — loaded at start and kept here on every change. */
+    /** Built-in administrator from the configuration (admin@ by default): the role can not be taken away. */
+    public boolean isBuiltIn(String email) {
+        return email != null && admins.contains(email.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+    }
+
+    /** Role ADMIN in users.is_admin (given by an administrator in Admin panel or by Jambotron) — loaded at start, kept here on every change. */
     public void grant(String email, boolean admin) {
         String key = email.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
         if (admin) {

backend/src/main/java/com/mailserver/config/MailAdminsLoader.java

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationReadyEvent;
 import org.springframework.context.event.EventListener;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
-/** At start: mailboxes Jambotron made administrators (users.is_admin) → {@link MailAdmins}. */
+/** At start: role ADMIN (users.is_admin) → {@link MailAdmins}; the built-in administrator gets the role in the database too. */
 @Component
 public class MailAdminsLoader {
 
@@ -23,10 +24,13 @@ public class MailAdminsLoader {
 
     @EventListener(ApplicationReadyEvent.class)
     public void load() {
-        users.findAll().filter(user -> user.isAdmin())
+        users.findAll()
+                .concatMap(user -> !user.isAdmin() && admins.isBuiltIn(user.getEmail())
+                        ? Mono.fromSupplier(() -> { user.setAdmin(true); return user; }).flatMap(users::save) : Mono.just(user))
+                .filter(user -> user.isAdmin())
                 .doOnNext(user -> admins.grant(user.getEmail(), true))
                 .count()
-                .subscribe(n -> log.info("Mail administrators from Jambotron: {}", n),
-                        e -> log.error("Mail administrators from Jambotron not loaded: {}", e.getMessage()));
+                .subscribe(n -> log.info("Mail administrators (role ADMIN): {}", n),
+                        e -> log.error("Mail administrators not loaded: {}", e.getMessage()));
     }
 }

backend/src/main/java/com/mailserver/controller/MailboxAdminController.java

@@ -45,8 +45,13 @@ public class MailboxAdminController {
     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailboxAdminController.class);
     private static final int MIN_PASSWORD = MailDirectory.MIN_PASSWORD;
 
+    /** @param role ADMIN or USER; @param builtIn the administrator from the configuration — the role stays */
     public record MailboxView(Long id, String email, String displayName, boolean active, boolean admin, boolean trap,
-                              boolean shared, List<String> members, long usedBytes, long quotaBytes, Instant createdAt) {
+                              boolean shared, List<String> members, long usedBytes, long quotaBytes, Instant createdAt,
+                              String role, boolean builtIn) {
+    }
+
+    public record RoleRequest(String role) {
     }
 
     /** @param password empty — the server generates one and returns it once */
@@ -171,6 +176,30 @@ public class MailboxAdminController {
         }));
     }
 
+    /** Role ADMIN (manages mailboxes, lists, roles — Admin panel) or USER. Not your own, not the built-in administrator. */
+    @PutMapping("/{id}/role")
+    public Mono<MailboxView> role(Mono<Authentication> auth, @PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody Mono<RoleRequest> body) {
+        return admin(auth).flatMap(me -> body.flatMap(request -> mailbox(id).flatMap(user -> {
+            if (!"ADMIN".equals(request.role()) && !"USER".equals(request.role())) {
+                return Mono.error(bad("Role: ADMIN or USER"));
+            }
+            boolean toAdmin = "ADMIN".equals(request.role());
+            if (user.getEmail().equalsIgnoreCase(me)) {
+                return Mono.error(bad("You can not change your own role"));
+            }
+            if (!toAdmin && admins.isBuiltIn(user.getEmail())) {
+                return Mono.error(bad("The built-in administrator stays ADMIN"));
+            }
+            if (toAdmin && user.isShared()) {
+                return Mono.error(bad("A shared mailbox has no login of its own — it can not be ADMIN"));
+            }
+            return users.setAdmin(user, toAdmin).doOnNext(u -> {
+                admins.grant(u.getEmail(), toAdmin);
+                log.warn("Mailbox {} role {} given by administrator {}", u.getEmail(), request.role(), me);
+            });
+        }))).flatMap(this::view);
+    }
+
     /** Trap: what the mailbox sends is stored in its own INBOX, nothing leaves the server (staging@). */
     @PutMapping("/{id}/trap")
     public Mono<MailboxView> trap(Mono<Authentication> auth, @PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody Mono<TrapRequest> body) {
@@ -237,7 +266,7 @@ public class MailboxAdminController {
         return mail.usedBytes(user.getId()).defaultIfEmpty(0L).zipWith(access.members(user.getId()).collectList())
                 .map(pair -> new MailboxView(user.getId(), user.getEmail(), user.getDisplayName(), user.isActive(),
                         admins.isAdmin(user.getEmail()), user.isTrap(), user.isShared(), pair.getT2(), pair.getT1(), user.getQuotaBytes() == null ? 0 : user.getQuotaBytes(),
-                        user.getCreatedAt()));
+                        user.getCreatedAt(), admins.isAdmin(user.getEmail()) ? "ADMIN" : "USER", admins.isBuiltIn(user.getEmail())));
     }
 
     private static ResponseStatusException bad(String message) {

backend/src/test/java/com/mailserver/controller/MailboxAdminControllerTest.java

@@ -186,6 +186,32 @@ class MailboxAdminControllerTest {
         verify(mail, never()).deleteMailbox(admin);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void administratorGivesAndTakesRoleAdminNotOwnNotBuiltInNotShared() {
+        when(users.setAdmin(any(), any(Boolean.class))).thenAnswer(i -> {
+            User u = i.getArgument(0);
+            u.setAdmin(i.getArgument(1));
+            return Mono.just(u);
+        });
+        var made = controller.role(as("admin@jambocheck.com"), 2L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("ADMIN"))).block();
+        assertThat(made.role()).isEqualTo("ADMIN");
+        assertThat(admins.isAdmin("alice@jambocheck.com")).isTrue();
+        // alice is ADMIN now — she manages roles too, but not the built-in one and not her own
+        assertThat(status(() -> controller.role(as("alice@jambocheck.com"), 1L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("USER"))).block()))
+                .isEqualTo(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
+        assertThat(status(() -> controller.role(as("alice@jambocheck.com"), 2L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("USER"))).block()))
+                .isEqualTo(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
+        var back = controller.role(as("admin@jambocheck.com"), 2L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("USER"))).block();
+        assertThat(back.role()).isEqualTo("USER");
+        assertThat(admins.isAdmin("alice@jambocheck.com")).isFalse();
+        assertThat(status(() -> controller.role(as("alice@jambocheck.com"), 1L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("ADMIN"))).block()))
+                .isEqualTo(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN);
+
+        alice.setShared(true);
+        assertThat(status(() -> controller.role(as("admin@jambocheck.com"), 2L, Mono.just(new MailboxAdminController.RoleRequest("ADMIN"))).block()))
+                .isEqualTo(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
+    }
+
     @Test
     void administratorOpensAnyMailboxOthersCanNot() {
         when(jwt.generateToken("alice@jambocheck.com", "admin@jambocheck.com")).thenReturn("alice-token");

frontend/src/app/app.routes.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ export const routes: Routes = [
       { path: 'compose', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/compose/compose.page').then(m => m.ComposePage) },
       { path: 'contacts', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/contacts/contacts.page').then(m => m.ContactsPage) },
       { path: 'blocked', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/blocked/blocked.page').then(m => m.BlockedPage) },
-      { path: 'settings', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/settings/settings.page').then(m => m.SettingsPage) }
+      { path: 'settings', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/settings/settings.page').then(m => m.SettingsPage) },
+      { path: 'admin', loadComponent: () => import('./pages/admin/admin.page').then(m => m.AdminPage) }
     ]
   },
   { path: '**', redirectTo: '' }

frontend/src/app/core/api.service.ts

@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@ export class ApiService {
   setMailboxActive(id: number, active: boolean): Observable<Mailbox> {
     return this.http.put<Mailbox>(`/api/admin/mailboxes/${id}/active`, { active });
   }
+  setMailboxRole(id: number, role: 'ADMIN' | 'USER'): Observable<Mailbox> {
+    return this.http.put<Mailbox>(`/api/admin/mailboxes/${id}/role`, { role });
+  }
   deleteMailbox(id: number): Observable<void> {
     return this.http.delete<void>(`/api/admin/mailboxes/${id}`);
   }

frontend/src/app/core/models.ts

@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@ export interface Mailbox {
   usedBytes: number;
   quotaBytes: number;
   createdAt: string;
+  role: 'ADMIN' | 'USER'; // ADMIN — Admin panel (users, mailboxes, lists)
+  builtIn: boolean;       // administrator from the server configuration — stays ADMIN
 }
 
 /** MailLists.MailList — mail to the address → a copy to every member, into the folder (null — INBOX) */

frontend/src/app/pages/admin/admin.page.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { ChangeDetectionStrategy, Component, inject } from '@angular/core';
+import { MatIconModule } from '@angular/material/icon';
+import { MailStateService } from '../../core/mail-state.service';
+import { ListsSection } from '../settings/lists.section';
+import { MailboxesSection } from '../settings/mailboxes.section';
+import { UsersSection } from './users.section';
+
+/** Admin panel (role ADMIN): users and their roles, mailboxes, mailing lists. */
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-admin',
+  imports: [MatIconModule, UsersSection, MailboxesSection, ListsSection],
+  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
+  template: `
+    @if (state.profile(); as p) {
+      @if (p.admin) {
+        <div class="grid grid-cols-1 xl:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
+          <app-users-section />
+          <app-mailboxes-section />
+          <app-lists-section />
+        </div>
+      } @else {
+        <section class="glass-panel static p-6 text-slate-300 font-rajdhani" role="alert">
+          <mat-icon class="align-middle text-pink-500">lock</mat-icon> Admin panel is only for users with the role ADMIN.
+        </section>
+      }
+    }
+  `
+})
+export class AdminPage {
+  readonly state = inject(MailStateService);
+}

frontend/src/app/pages/admin/users.section.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import { ChangeDetectionStrategy, Component, computed, inject, signal } from '@angular/core';
+import { MatIconModule } from '@angular/material/icon';
+import { ApiService } from '../../core/api.service';
+import { MailStateService } from '../../core/mail-state.service';
+import { Mailbox, errorText } from '../../core/models';
+import { DialogService } from '../../ui/dialog.service';
+import { ToastService } from '../../ui/toast.service';
+
+/** Admin panel → USERS: everyone with a login of their own (not shared mailboxes) and their role — ADMIN or USER. */
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-users-section',
+  imports: [MatIconModule],
+  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
+  host: { class: 'block xl:col-span-2' },
+  template: `
+    <section class="glass-panel static p-5 md:p-6" aria-labelledby="users-title">
+      <h2 id="users-title" class="text-lg font-orbitron font-bold text-cyan-300 flex items-center gap-2 mb-1 border-b border-cyan-500/20 pb-2">
+        <mat-icon class="text-pink-500">manage_accounts</mat-icon> USERS
+      </h2>
+      <p class="text-xs text-slate-400 font-mono mb-3">ADMIN — this Admin panel: users, mailboxes, lists. USER — own mail only.</p>
+      @if (error()) { <p class="text-sm text-rose-300 mb-2" role="alert">{{ error() }}</p> }
+      <div class="overflow-x-auto">
+        <table class="w-full text-sm">
+          <thead>
+            <tr class="text-left text-[11px] font-mono text-slate-400 border-b border-cyan-500/20">
+              <th class="py-2 pr-3 font-normal">User</th>
+              <th class="py-2 pr-3 font-normal">Name</th>
+              <th class="py-2 pr-3 font-normal">Role</th>
+              <th class="py-2 pr-3 font-normal">Status</th>
+              <th class="py-2 font-normal"><span class="sr-only">Actions</span></th>
+            </tr>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody>
+            @for (u of users(); track u.id) {
+              <tr class="border-b border-cyan-500/10">
+                <td class="py-2 pr-3 font-mono" [class.text-slate-500]="!u.active">{{ u.email }}</td>
+                <td class="py-2 pr-3 text-slate-300">{{ u.displayName }}</td>
+                <td class="py-2 pr-3">
+                  <span class="text-[11px] font-mono px-1.5 rounded border"
+                        [class.role-admin]="u.role === 'ADMIN'" [class.border-slate-500]="u.role !== 'ADMIN'"
+                        [class.text-slate-300]="u.role !== 'ADMIN'">{{ u.role }}</span>
+                  @if (u.builtIn) { <span class="text-[10px] font-mono text-slate-500 ml-1" title="From the server configuration">built-in</span> }
+                </td>
+                <td class="py-2 pr-3 text-xs font-mono" [class.text-emerald-300]="u.active" [class.text-slate-500]="!u.active">{{ u.active ? 'active' : 'off' }}</td>
+                <td class="py-2 text-right whitespace-nowrap">
+                  @if (u.email !== me() && !(u.builtIn && u.role === 'ADMIN')) {
+                    <button type="button" class="ghost-btn !py-1 text-xs" (click)="toggle(u)"
+                            [attr.aria-label]="(u.role === 'ADMIN' ? 'Make USER: ' : 'Make ADMIN: ') + u.email">
+                      <mat-icon>{{ u.role === 'ADMIN' ? 'person' : 'admin_panel_settings' }}</mat-icon>
+                      {{ u.role === 'ADMIN' ? 'MAKE USER' : 'MAKE ADMIN' }}</button>
+                  }
+                </td>
+              </tr>
+            } @empty {
+              <tr><td colspan="5" class="py-3 text-slate-500 font-mono text-xs">No users</td></tr>
+            }
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+  `
+})
+export class UsersSection {
+  private api = inject(ApiService);
+  private state = inject(MailStateService);
+  private dialogs = inject(DialogService);
+  private toasts = inject(ToastService);
+
+  private readonly all = signal<Mailbox[]>([]);
+  readonly users = computed(() => this.all().filter(m => !m.shared));
+  readonly me = computed(() => this.state.profile()?.email ?? '');
+  readonly error = signal('');
+
+  constructor() {
+    this.load();
+  }
+
+  load(): void {
+    this.api.mailboxes().subscribe({ next: list => this.all.set(list), error: e => this.error.set(errorText(e)) });
+  }
+
+  toggle(u: Mailbox): void {
+    const role = u.role === 'ADMIN' ? 'USER' : 'ADMIN';
+    const text = role === 'ADMIN'
+      ? `${u.email} will manage users, mailboxes and lists (Admin panel).`
+      : `${u.email} keeps only own mail, no Admin panel.`;
+    this.dialogs.confirm(`Role ${role} for ${u.email}?`, text, 'Change role', role === 'USER').subscribe(ok => {
+      if (ok === null) return;
+      this.api.setMailboxRole(u.id, role).subscribe({
+        next: () => { this.toasts.ok(u.email + ' is ' + role + ' now'); this.load(); },
+        error: e => this.toasts.error(errorText(e))
+      });
+    });
+  }
+}

frontend/src/app/pages/settings/mailboxes.section.ts

@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ import { AuthService } from '../../core/auth.service';
           <li class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-4 gap-y-1 py-2">
             <span class="font-mono text-sm" [class.text-cyan-300]="m.active" [class.text-slate-500]="!m.active" [class.line-through]="!m.active">{{ m.email }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-slate-400">{{ m.displayName }}</span>
-            @if (m.admin) { <span class="text-[10px] font-mono px-1.5 rounded border border-pink-500/40 text-pink-300">ADMIN</span> }
             @if (m.shared) { <span class="text-[10px] font-mono px-1.5 rounded border border-cyan-400/50 text-cyan-300"
                                    [title]="'Members: ' + (m.members.join(', ') || 'none')">SHARED · {{ m.members.length }}</span> }
             @if (!m.shared && m.members.length) { <span class="text-[10px] font-mono px-1.5 rounded border border-cyan-400/30 text-cyan-300/80"

frontend/src/app/pages/settings/settings.page.ts

@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@ import { MailStateService } from '../../core/mail-state.service';
 import { errorText, formatBytes } from '../../core/models';
 import { THEMES, ThemeService } from '../../ui/theme.service';
 import { ToastService } from '../../ui/toast.service';
-import { MailboxesSection } from './mailboxes.section';
-import { ListsSection } from './lists.section';
 import { MyMailboxesSection } from './my-mailboxes.section';
 
-/** Profile name, password, storage, look. */
+/** User panel: profile name, password, storage, look, my mailboxes. Administration — Admin panel (/admin). */
 @Component({
   selector: 'app-settings',
-  imports: [DatePipe, FormsModule, MatIconModule, MailboxesSection, ListsSection, MyMailboxesSection],
+  imports: [DatePipe, FormsModule, MatIconModule, MyMailboxesSection],
   changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
   template: `
     <div class="grid grid-cols-1 xl:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
@@ -115,10 +113,6 @@ import { MyMailboxesSection } from './my-mailboxes.section';
 
       <app-my-mailboxes-section />
 
-      @if (state.profile()?.admin) {
-        <app-mailboxes-section />
-        <app-lists-section />
-      }
     </div>
   `
 })

frontend/src/app/pages/shell/shell.component.ts

@@ -144,6 +144,13 @@ import { ToastService } from '../../ui/toast.service';
                 <mat-icon class="!text-xl">{{ link.icon }}</mat-icon>{{ link.label }}
               </a>
             }
+            @if (state.profile()?.admin) {
+              <a routerLink="/admin" routerLinkActive="nav-active-text"
+                 class="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-lg text-slate-400 hover:text-cyan-300 font-rajdhani font-semibold"
+                 (click)="menuOpen.set(false)">
+                <mat-icon class="!text-xl">admin_panel_settings</mat-icon>Admin panel
+              </a>
+            }
           </div>
 
           @if (state.profile(); as p) {
@@ -180,7 +187,7 @@ export class ShellComponent {
   readonly links = [
     { path: '/contacts', label: 'Contacts', icon: 'contacts' },
     { path: '/blocked', label: 'Blocked senders', icon: 'block' },
-    { path: '/settings', label: 'Settings', icon: 'settings' }
+    { path: '/settings', label: 'User panel', icon: 'person' }
   ];
 
   readonly folderActions: RowAction[] = [

frontend/src/styles.css

@@ -307,6 +307,7 @@ body {
   color: var(--primary-color) !important;
 }
 .nav-active-text { color: var(--primary-color) !important; }
+.role-admin { color: var(--primary-color); border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--primary-color) 50%, transparent); }
 
 /* Selects: the opened list is drawn by the browser — without this it is white (light OS theme) with our light text */
 select { color-scheme: dark; }